Data centers: Spain’s challenge to evolve from a transit node to a digital engine

General

Within the framework of the Aotec 2025 Fair, Asteo Red Neutra organized the meeting “Data Center Connectivity as Value to the Country’s Ecosystem” to reflect on the strategic role of data centers in Spain and their potential to strengthen the country’s technological competitiveness. The conversation brought together Manuel Garnelo, CTO of Asteo, along with Francisco Porras, head of the data center business unit at Merlin Properties, and Félix de la Fuente, Chief Commercial Officer of Templus. This is part of the special episodes of the podcast Connecting RURAL to the world, which you can watch and listen to on Spotify and YouTube.

Critical Infrastructures and Complementary Models

In the event’s presentation, Manuel Garnelo emphasized that, although citizens use the internet daily, few are aware of the critical infrastructures that make it possible. He highlighted two main aspects of the companies present at the meeting: Templus’s regional focus and Merlin Properties’ commitment to large, sustainable data centers.

Félix de la Fuente explained that Templus was founded with the aim of deploying regional data centers, away from the traditional Madrid-Barcelona axis, with the goal of bringing advanced technological capabilities to less obvious territories. He noted that this model allows for talent retention, strengthening the local business fabric, and reducing the technological gap.

For his part, Paco Porras detailed that Merlin Properties’ model is oriented towards large-scale infrastructures, designed for global clients, especially those linked to artificial intelligence model training. These centers do not depend on proximity to the end consumer but on the ability to offer energy and space on a large scale.

Both agreed that their proposals are not opposing but complementary, responding to different market needs.

Edge, Regional, and Large Centers: A Logistics Chain

The discussion brought up the differentiation between edge data centers, regional, and large centers. De la Fuente explained that edge centers respond to very specific uses—such as IoT, industrial automation, or smart cities—where low latency is crucial. Regional centers, on the other hand, serve as a bridge between these facilities and large hubs.

Porras drew an analogy with logistics: fiber optic cables are the roads and data are the containers. Just as in transport there are last-mile warehouses and long-haul depots, data centers coexist with models of different scales and functions.

Spain, a Strategic Position

A central part of the conversation revolved around Spain’s role in the international connectivity map. Garnelo recalled that the peninsula is a landing point for multiple submarine cables connecting America, Africa, and Europe.

Porras highlighted that the country has a privileged location, with 70% of traffic between the United States and Europe passing through Spanish territory, and with a promising future on the north-south axis towards Africa, a continent undergoing rapid demographic and digital expansion. Furthermore, Spain has abundant space for construction and a significant energy surplus that can become a competitive advantage for this industry.

De la Fuente reinforced this idea by pointing out that the country should aspire not only to be a data corridor but a generator and processor of information, leveraging its renewable energy mix and its position at the center of international flows.

Industry, Regulation, and Opportunities

Both speakers agreed that data centers should be considered a strategic industry. Porras emphasized that they generate highly skilled employment and that their contribution can be comparable to other exporting industrial activities. De la Fuente added that regulatory stability is key to attracting investment: without a clear framework, Spain risks becoming merely a transit territory.

Regarding location selection, Porras explained that Merlin opts for sites with access to submarine cables and energy availability, often in rural areas with a surplus of renewable generation, which in turn boosts local industrialization. De la Fuente, for his part, noted that Templus seeks a balance between energy, communications, land, and proximity, ensuring that its facilities are a reasonable distance from its clients’ technical teams.

A Country Opportunity

The session concluded with a shared idea: Spain has a unique window of opportunity to consolidate itself as a European benchmark in data centers. But this advantage will only materialize if the different actors in the sector, together with public administrations, work in a coordinated manner to retain data, transform it into value, and prevent it from merely passing through the country’s network of cables.

As Manuel Garnelo summarized, it is about avoiding the “bypass” of data and ensuring that it generates wealth and innovation in the territory. Spain faces the challenge of transforming from a transit node into a digital engine.

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Patricia Moreno Pacheco

Deployment Project Manager

Trained as an architect at the University of Seville and with international experience after her studies at the Leibniz Universität Hannover, she has a multidisciplinary technical profile. He stands out for his analytical capacity and leadership in telecommunications infrastructures, providing a highly consolidated strategic vision.

Her career began in civil architecture, working as a Municipal Architect and energy certifier. In 2017 she oriented her career towards the telco sector by joining Nokia as FTTx Network Design Engineer. For five years, he participated in large multinational deployments for operators in the USA, Italy, Chile, the Philippines and Germany. Later, at Inelcom, he took over team management and implementation support for the German UGG network, mastering the construction and last mile phases. All this international supervisory experience brought her to Asteo Red Neutra in 2023, where she manages field operations as Deployment Manager.

Away from blueprints and fiber optics, he is an active person who likes to enjoy his free time. He is passionate about climbing, paddle tennis and traveling, always looking for new environments to disconnect.

David Moreno Llorente

Director of Network Infrastructure and IT Systems

With more than 25 years of experience in the telecommunications sector in Spain, David has developed a solid track record of technical and operational excellence. His profile stands out for a clear focus on continuous improvement, results-oriented management and team management and development.

His career began in 1998 at UFINET, where for more than two decades he evolved professionally to consolidate his position as Director of Network Operation and Maintenance. During this period, he led strategic Engineering & Maintenance (E&M) projects, as well as service transformation and outsourcing initiatives, and performed transversal functions in the Operation and Maintenance units of the different countries in which the company operated, contributing to the standardization of processes and the improvement of operational efficiency.

In 2018, following the creation of Lyntia as an independent company from UFINET's infrastructure business, he continued his professional development as Director of the Operation and Maintenance units, both Access and Transport, providing a key strategic vision for the company.

All this experience in critical infrastructure management led him to Asteo Red Neutra in 2024, where he is currently in charge of the operational area as head of the company's Network Infrastructures and IT Systems.

Outside the professional sphere, David disconnects from technology through his passions: rally raids, scuba diving and cooking with his family.

Laura Díaz

Marketing and Communications Director

With 20 years of experience, Laura has developed the communication strategy for national and international companies. Since the official launch of ASTEO Red Neutra, she has led its communication and content strategy as an external consultant, until her incorporation to the team.

She started her career as a journalist in the IT sector. She specialised in Communication, advising companies in various sectors (banking, asset management, private equity, insurance and insurtech or telecommunications). She led Evercom's Financial Communication department, in charge of the area's growth strategy and the management of the team and clients.

She graduated in journalism from the Universidad Católica Andrés Bello, in Venezuela, took the ABC-UCM master's degree in journalism, and complemented her education with studies in International Business at Dublin Business School, and sustainability at the University of Cambridge.

Married to Santi, she is the mother of two children and, whenever she has some free time, she loves going swimming and to the cinema or enjoying long dinners with friends.

Alfonso García

Director of Business Development and Operations

A Telecommunications Engineer from the Polytechnic University of Madrid and PDD training at the University of Navarra IESE, he has more than 20 years of experience in Telecommunications in leading companies, leading the development of fibre infrastructures and management work in the commercialisation of fibre optic networks.

He began his experience in the Telecommunications Sector in Engineering, Technology and Deployment Departments of data and fibre networks in companies such as Payma Comunicaciones, Iberdrola Ingeniería y Consultoría and Madritel Comunicaciones. After this first technical stage, he developed his more commercial experience in the Iberdrola Group, taking over the Commercial Management of Iberdrola's Fibre Optic Network for Telecommunications Operators for 15 years. Before joining ASTEO Red Neutra, he was an advisor to CableRunner Iberica’s president and Commercial Director of GTD Spain, a Dark Fibre Neutral Operator for National and International Operators and DataCenters in Spain.

Alfonso is convinced of the potential of fibre networks, so he decided to focus his career on this technology from the very beginning.

A father of two, a lover of gastronomy and cooking, he is happy to cook on weekends for his family and friends. In love with skiing in winter and water sports in summer.

Luis Rodríguez

Luis Rodríguez

ASTEO’s CFO and HR Director

With more than 7 years of experience, he has worked in the financial departments of international companies, mainly in SICE CANADA INC (ACS Group Company) based in Toronto and Golden Agri-Resources (Sinarmas Group Company, listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange).

As Chief Financial and Human Resources Officer of SICE Canada Inc, he was responsible for managing the acquisition of capital assets, negotiating financial products with banks and financing entities, preparing and reporting the EEFFs to the parent company and ensuring regulatory compliance, among many other responsibilities.

Luis holds a degree in Economics from the University of Seville and an MBA from the University of Cadiz. In his free time he likes to practise all kinds of sports, especially crossfit and downhill.

Manuel Garnelo

Manuel Garnelo

ASTEO’s CTO and Chief Operating Officer

Responsible for the Engineering and Technology, Deployment and O&M (Operation and Maintenance) Departments. He has more than 20 years of experience in the telecommunications sector. Manuel has been responsible for FTTH deployments at Lyntia, Director of the Central Delegation at Verne, Head of FTTH deployments at Ericsson in the Mediterranean region and of the FTTH Centre of Excellence in Spain.

A Telecommunications Engineer from the Polytechnic University of Madrid, he is an enthusiast of the right of people to have a broadband connection and of the connected society.

Married to Teresa and father of two daughters, in his spare time he repairs and collects old radios and gramophones: if you have a lamp radio and you want to get rid of it, don't throw it away! He will take care of them. He will take care of them.